Res. Agr. Eng., 2024, 70(1):23-34 | DOI: 10.17221/21/2023-RAE

Fabrication and performance test of a multipurpose ohmic heating apparatus with a real-time data logging system based on low-cost sensorsOriginal Paper

Diang Sagita ORCID...1, Dadang Dayat Hidayat ORCID...1, Doddy Andy Darmajana ORCID...1, Ari Rahayuningtyas ORCID...1, Hari Hariadi ORCID...1
1 Research Center for Appropriate Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Subang, Indonesia

Ohmic heating is an emerging technology currently in high demand for application in various processes. In this research, a prototype of a multipurpose ohmic heating apparatus was successfully designed, fabricated, and tested. This apparatus was designed based on low-cost and versatile sensors and components available worldwide. Three independent chambers could be operated parallelly and individually with different treatments. Parameter data, i.e., voltage, electrical current, the temperature of heated material and environmental humidity-temperature, could be recorded by an embedded data logging system. The sensor had been tested and validated by comparing all the sensors used with commercial standard instruments. The result showed that all sensors had high measurement accuracy, indicated by very low mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), with R2 > 0.999. The performance test revealed that product temperature could be accurately maintained according to the set point temperature with a deviation value lower than 0.1 °C. The data logging system was able to record and store the parameter data in SD card memory for up  to several days without interruption. The prototype of the ohmic heating apparatus could be  an effective alternative to process many purposes such as pasteurisation, cooking, warming, and fermentation based on the ohmic heating principle.

Keywords: arduino-based equipment; electrothermal treatment; emerging technology; moderate electric field

Received: February 10, 2023; Revised: July 21, 2023; Accepted: July 30, 2023; Published: March 13, 2024  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Sagita D, Hidayat DD, Darmajana DA, Rahayuningtyas A, Hariadi H. Fabrication and performance test of a multipurpose ohmic heating apparatus with a real-time data logging system based on low-cost sensors. Res. Agr. Eng. 2024;70(1):23-34. doi: 10.17221/21/2023-RAE.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Abdulstar A.R., Altemimi A., Al-HiIphy A.R.S., Watson D.G., Lakhssassi N. (2022): Water distillation using an ohmic heating apparatus. International Journal of Ambient Energy, 43: 1-11. Go to original source...
    2. Achir N., Dhuique-Mayer C., Hadjal T., Madani K., Pain J.P., Dornier M. (2016): Pasteurization of citrus juices with ohmic heating to preserve the carotenoid profile. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 33: 397-404. Go to original source...
    3. Al-Hilphy A.R., Al-Musafer A.M., Gavahian M. (2020): Pilot-scale ohmic heating-assisted extraction of wheat bran bioactive compounds: Effects of the extract on corn oil stability. Food Research International, 137: 109649. Go to original source...
    4. Assiry A.M., Gaily M.H., Alsamee M., Sarifudin A. (2010): Electrical conductivity of seawater during ohmic heating. Desalination, 260: 9-17. Go to original source...
    5. Athmaselvi K.A., Kumar C., Poojitha P. (2017): Influence of temperature, voltage gradient and electrode on ascorbic acid degradation kinetics during ohmic heating of tropical fruit pulp. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 11: 144-155. Go to original source...
    6. Benson E., Hougentogler D., McGurk J., Herrman E., Alphin R. (2013): Durability of incandescent, compact fluorescent, and light emitting diode lamps in poultry conditions. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 29: 103-111. Go to original source...
    7. Bhargava N., Mor R.S., Kumar K., Sharanagat V.S. (2021): Advances in application of ultrasound in food processing: A review. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 70: 105293. Go to original source...
    8. Chizoba Ekezie F.-G., Sun D.-W., Cheng J.-H. (2017): A review on recent advances in cold plasma technology for the food industry: Current applications and future trends. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 69: 46-58. Go to original source...
    9. Cho W.I., Kim E.J., Hwang H.J., Cha Y.H., Cheon H.S., Choi J.B., Chung M.S. (2017): Continuous ohmic heating system for the pasteurization of fermented red pepper paste. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 42: 190-196. Go to original source...
    10. Çokgezme Ö.F., Döner D., Çevik M., Kemahlioğlu A.V., İçier F. (2021): Influences of sample shape, voltage gradient, and electrode surface form on the exergoeconomic performance characteristics of ohmic thawing of frozen minced beef. Journal of Food Engineering, 307: 110660. Go to original source...
    11. Corio D., Andanu R.A., Miranto A., Pratama R.W. (2022): Rancang Bangun Alat Pendeteksi Status Pentanahan pada Instalasi Listrik Bangunan Berbasis Arduino Mega 2650 Pro. ELECTRON Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro, 3: 49-57. Go to original source...
    12. Cozzens S., Gatchair S., Kang J., Kim K.-S., Lee H.J., Ordóñez G., Porter A. (2010): Emerging technologies: quantitative identification and measurement. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 22: 361-376. Go to original source...
    13. Dabou R., Bouraiou A., Ziane A., Necaibia A., Sahouane N., Blal M., Khelifi S., Rouabhia A., Slimani A. (2021): Development of autonomous monitoring and performance evaluation system of grid-tied photovoltaic station. Sustainable Energy and Environmental Protection, 46: 30267-30287. Go to original source...
    14. Ding X., Liu J., Xiong X., Wang S., Li X. (2021): Influence of ohmic heating on the electrical conductivity, volume, and rice quality of each component of the water-rice mixture. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 72: 102757. Go to original source...
    15. El Kantar S., Koubaa M. (2022): Pulsed electric field treatment for the stimulation of microorganisms: Applications in food production. Research in Agricultural Engineering, 68: 80-92. Go to original source...
    16. Elyounsi A., Kalashnikov A.N. (2021): Evaluating suitability of a DS18B20 temperature sensor for use in an accurate air temperature distribution measurement network. Engineering Proceedings, 10: 56. Go to original source...
    17. Faruk O., Sabanci S., Cevik M., Yildiz H., Icier F. (2017): Performance analyses for evaporation of pomegranate juice in ohmic heating assisted vacuum system. Journal of Food Engineering, 207: 1-9. Go to original source...
    18. Gally T., Rouaud O., Jury V., Le-Bail A. (2016): Bread baking using ohmic heating technology; a comprehensive study based on experiments and modelling. Journal of Food Engineering, 190: 176-184. Go to original source...
    19. Gavahian M., Tiwari B.K. (2020): Moderate electric fields and ohmic heating as promising fermentation tools. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 64: 102422. Go to original source...
    20. Gratz M., Schottroff F., Gall L., Zejma B., Simon F., Jaeger H. (2021): Advantages of ohmic cooking in the kilohertz-range - part I: Impact of conductivity and frequency on the heating uniformity of potatoes. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 67: 102595. Go to original source...
    21. Hosainpour A., Darvishi H., Nargesi F., Fadavi A. (2014): Ohmic pre-drying of tomato paste. Food Science and Technology International, 20: 193-204. Go to original source...
    22. Icier F., Ilicali C. (2004): Electrical conductivity of apple and sourcherry juice concentrates during ohmic heating. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 27: 159-180. Go to original source...
    23. Jabbar W.A., Annathurai S., A. Rahim T.A., Mohd Fauzi M.F. (2022): Smart energy meter based on a long-range wide-area network for a stand-alone photovoltaic system. Expert Systems with Applications, 197: 116703. Go to original source...
    24. Kanjanapongkul K. (2017): Rice cooking using ohmic heating: Determination of electrical conductivity, water diffusion and cooking energy. Journal of Food Engineering, 192: 1-10. Go to original source...
    25. Kho E.P., Chua S.N.D., Lim S.F., Lau L.C., Gani M.T.N. (2022): Development of young sago palm environmental monitoring system with wireless sensor networks. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 193: 106723. Go to original source...
    26. Khodeir M., Rouaud O., Ogé A., Jury V., Le-Bail P., Le-Bail A. (2021): Study of continuous cake pre-baking in a rectangular channel using ohmic heating. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 67. Go to original source...
    27. Kumar L.A., Indragandhi V., Selvamathi R., Vijayakumar V., Ravi L., Subramaniyaswamy V. (2021): Design, power quality analysis, and implementation of smart energy meter using internet of things. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 93: 107203. Go to original source...
    28. Kutz M. (2019): Handbook of farm, dairy and food machinery engineering, Academic Press.
    29. Li X., Ye C., Tian Y., Pan S., Wang L. (2018): Effect of ohmic heating on fundamental properties of protein in soybean milk. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 41: e12660. Go to original source...
    30. Marra F., Zell M., Lyng J.G., Morgan D.J., Cronin D.A. (2009): Analysis of heat transfer during ohmic processing of a solid food. Journal of Food Engineering, 91: 56-63. Go to original source...
    31. Obando Vega F.A., Montoya Ríos A.P., Osorio Saraz J.A., Vargas Quiroz L.G., Alves Damasceno F. (2020): Assessment of black globe thermometers employing various sensors and alternative materials. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 284: 107891. Go to original source...
    32. Parniakov O., Lebovka N., Wiktor A., Comiotto Alles M., Hill K., Toepfl S. (2022): Applications of pulsed electric fields for processing potatoes: Examples and equipment design. Research in Agricultural Engineering, 68: 47-62. Go to original source...
    33. Peprah F., Gyamfi S., Amo-Boateng M., Buadi E., Obeng M. (2022): Design and construction of smart solar powered egg incubator based on GSM/IoT. Scientific African, 17: e01326. Go to original source...
    34. Reta R., Mursalim M., Salengke S., Muhidong J., Bilang M., Sopade P. (2017): Reducing the acidity of arabica coffee beans by ohmic fermentation technology. Food Research, 1: 157-160. Go to original source...
    35. Sabanci S. (2021): A study on electrical conductivity and performance evaluation of ohmic evaporation process of grape juice. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 45: e15487. Go to original source...
    36. Sabanci S., Icier F. (2017): Applicability of ohmic heating assisted vacuum evaporation for concentration of sour cherry juice. Journal of Food Engineering, 212: 262-270. Go to original source...
    37. Sabanci S., Cevik M., Cokgezme O.F., Yildiz H., Icier F. (2019): Quality characteristics of pomegranate juice concentrates produced by ohmic heating assisted vacuum evaporation. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99: 2589-2595. Go to original source...
    38. Sagita D., Doddy A.D., Hidayat D.D. (2021): Recent studies and prospective application of ohmic heating for fermentation process: a mini-review. E3S Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences. Go to original source...
    39. Sagita D., Setiaboma W., Kristanti D., Kurniawan Y.R., Hidayat D.D., Darmajana D.A., Sudaryanto A., Nugroho P. (2022): Experimental investigation of heating pattern, energy requirement and electrical conductivity in a batch ohmic heating system for coffee fermentation. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 76: 102946. Go to original source...
    40. Sakr M., Liu S. (2014): A comprehensive review on applications of ohmic heating (OH). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39: 262-269. Go to original source...
    41. Salengke S., Hasizah A., Reta R., Mochtar A.A. (2021): Technology intervention to unleash the flavor potential of arabica coffee from Sulawesi highland. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 807: 032009. Go to original source...
    42. Samaranayake C.P., Sastry S.K. (2005): Electrode and pH effects on electrochemical reactions during ohmic heating. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 577: 125-135. Go to original source...
    43. Stancl J., Zitny R. (2010): Milk fouling at direct ohmic heating. Journal of Food Engineering, 99: 437-444. Go to original source...
    44. Suebsiri N., Kokilakanistha P., Laojaruwat T., Tumpanuvatr T., Jittanit W. (2019): The application of ohmic heating in lactose-free milk pasteurization in comparison with conventional heating, the metal contamination and the ice cream products. Journal of Food Engineering, 262: 39-48. Go to original source...
    45. Supratomo S., Laga A., Tahir M., Mochtar A.A., Salengke S. (2019): Design and performance test of ohmic-assisted cocoa fermentation apparatus. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 14: 1515-1523.
    46. Torshizi M.V., Azadbakht M., Kashaninejad M. (2020): Application of response surface method to energy and exergy analyses of the ohmic heating dryer for sour orange juice. Fuel, 278: 118261. Go to original source...
    47. Vorobiev E., Lebovka N. (2022): Processing of sugar beets assisted by pulsed electric fields. Research in Agricultural Engineering, 68: 63-79. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content