Res. Agr. Eng., 2010, 56(4):147-153 | DOI: 10.17221/21/2009-RAE

Microbial contamination of the sand from the wastewater treatment plants

M. Szostková1, T. Vítěz2
1 Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
2 Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

Primary treatment of domestic wastewater represents an extensive range of physical and chemical activities which directly or indirectly affect functionality of the treatment plant as a whole. The aforementioned effect might be rather significant in many respects. However, an incorrectly designed or operated primary treatment might result in an unnecessary increase of operating costs and, principally, a negative impact on the biological level or sludge treatment and disposal. The subject matter of this contribution comprises contemplations related to functionality of this level, both with respect to its relation to functionality of wastewater treatment plant and the matter of created waste in case of which disposal has become more and more expensive and complicated. The measurement results show that sewage sand from different wastewater treatment plants contains different amount of organic material 1.19-82%. The content of the organic material relates to the content of microorganisms which oscillated in a range of 1.53×104-7.34×106 CFU/g for coliform bacteria including Escherichia coli, 5.57×101-4.36×104 CFU/g for enterococci, and 3.13×102-2.19×105 CFU/g for faecal coliform bacteria.

Keywords: wastewater treatment; primary treatment; detritus tank; wastewater treatment sand; microbial contamination

Published: December 31, 2010  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Szostková M, Vítěz T. Microbial contamination of the sand from the wastewater treatment plants. Res. Agr. Eng. 2010;56(4):147-153. doi: 10.17221/21/2009-RAE.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Bitton G., 2005. Wastewater Microbiology. 3rd Ed. Gainesville, USA, Wiley-Interscience: 746. Go to original source...
    2. ČSN 83 0550 (Section 3), 1978. Fyzikálně chemický rozbor kalů (Physico-chemical analysis of sludge). Prague, Czech Office for Standards, Methrology and Testing.
    3. ČSN ISO 4832, 1995. Mikrobiologie potravin a krmiv - Horizontální metoda stanovení počtu koliformních bakterií - Technika počítání kolonií (Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of coliforms - Colony-count technique). Prague, Czech Office for Standards, Methrology and Testing.
    4. ČSN ISO 10381-6, 1998. Kvalita půdy - Odběr vzorků - Část 6: Pokyny pro odběr, manipulaci a uchovávání půdních vzorků určených pro studium aerobních mikrobiálních procesů v laboratoři (Soil Quality - Sampling - Part 6: Guidance on the collection, handling and storage of soil for the assessment of aerobic microbial processes in the laboratory). Prague, Czech Office for Standards, Methrology and Testing.
    5. ČSN EN ISO 6887-1, 1999. Mikrobiologie potravin a krmiv - - Úprava analytických vzorků, příprava výchozí suspenze a desetinásobných ředění - Část 1: Všeobecné pokyny pro přípravu výchozí suspenze a desetinásobných ředění (Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Prepration of test samples, initial suspension and decimal dilutions for microbiological examination - Part 1: General rules for the initial suspension and decimal dilutions). Prague, Czech Office for Standards, Methrology and Testing.
    6. ČSN EN ISO 7899-2, 2001. Jakost vod - Stanovení intestinálních enterokoků - Část 2: Metoda membránových filtrů (Water quality - Determination of intestinal enterococci - Part 2: Membrane filtration method). Prague, Czech Office for Standards, Methrology and Testing.
    7. ČSN EN 13137, 2002. Charakterizace odpadů - Stanovení celkového organického uhlíku (TOC) v odpadech, kalech a sedimentech (Characterization of waste - Determination of total organic carbon (TOC) in waste, sludges and sediments). Prague, Czech Office for Standards, Methrology and Testing.
    8. Gerardi M.H., Zimmerman M.C., 2004. Wastewater Pathogens. Gainesville, USA, Wiley-Interscience: 179. Go to original source...
    9. Matějů L., 2001. Stanovení indikátorových mikroorganismů pro mikrobiologická kritéria pro použití kalů na zemědělské půdě ve smyslu vyhlášky č. 382/2001 Sb., o podmínkách použití upravených kalů na zemědělské půdě (Determination of indicator organisms for the microbiological criteria for the use of sludge on agricultural land as defined in the Decree No. 382/2001 Coll. Concerning the application of treated sludge on agricultural land). Prague, Státní zdravotní ústav v Praze.
    10. Shuval H., Fattal B., 2003. Control of pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater recycling and reuse in agriculture. In: Mara D., Horan M.J (eds), Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology. London, Academic Press: 241-262. Go to original source...
    11. Schroeder E., Wuertz S., 2003. Bacteria. In: Mara D., Horan M.J (eds), Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology. London, Academic Press: 57-68. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content