Res. Agr. Eng., 2019, 65(2):63-69 | DOI: 10.17221/30/2018-RAE

A binary solvent for the simultaneous Calophyllum oil-resin extraction and purificationOriginal Paper

Ika Amalia Kartika^1,2, Oky Tresia Ordian Bernia¹, Illah Sailah¹, Tirto Prakoso², Yohanes Aris Purwanto^*,3

¹ Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia

² Department of Bioenergy and Chemurgy Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia

³ Department of Mechanical and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia

Sustainable biodiesel production can be realised by the use of a low-cost feedstock, efficient energy and renewable raw materials. The simultaneous Calophyllum oil-resin extraction and its purification using a binary solvent (n-hexane mixed with alcohol) were examined to meet those aspects. The extraction conditions effect was investigated to determine the optimal oil yield and quality. n-Hexane mixed with alcohol was extracted and purified effectively the oil from Calophyllum seeds. The oil yield and its quality were mainly affected by the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio. The oil yield enhanced as the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio enlarged from 1:1 to 2.5:1. The acid value and density of the oil improved as the n-hexane-to-alcohol ratio declined from 2.5:1 to 1:1. The n-Hexane-to-alcohol ratio of 2.5:1 provided the best yield (59%) of the oil extracted at 40°C for 5 hours. The oil presented its best quality at 0.893 g.cm^-3 of density, 41.0 mPa.s of viscosity, 8.8 mg KOH.g^-1 of the acid value, 88.3 g per 100 g of the iodine value, < 1% of moisture content and < 0.04% of ash content. The oil also had an inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Keywords: sustainable; biodiesel; nyamplung; n-hexane; alcohol

Published: June 30, 2019  Show citation