Res. Agr. Eng., X:X | DOI: 10.17221/43/2025-RAE

Study on the drying kinetics of Rosa flower buds using different drying methodsOriginal Paper

Hamid Reza Gazor ORCID...1, Omid Reza Roustapour ORCID...1
1 Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran


This study investigated the drying kinetics of Rosa flower buds (Rosa damascene Mill) under environmental conditions (shade), as well as in direct and indirect solar dryers. The effects of 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C temperatures on the drying of the buds were also examined using a laboratory cabinet dryer. The drying rate of the Rosa flower buds was compared with various mathematical models, and the parameters of these models were evaluated. The results illustrated that drying Rosa flower buds under shade required a lengthy period time of approximately 13 days. In contrast, utilising solar dryers significantly reduced the drying period time for Rosa flower buds. Also, compared to the ambient drying method, the use of indirect solar dryers had the most substantial effect on decreasing the drying period time of the buds up to 86.6%. Furthermore, applying a temperature of 60 °C in the laboratory dryer reduced the drying time of the buds by 76.2% compared to a temperature of 40 °C. The Midilli et al. model (MDM), Page model (PM) and approximate diffusion model (ADM) demonstrated a good fit with the experimental data and can be employed to represent the drying behaviour of Rosa flower buds. The effective of moisture diffusivity of Rosa flower buds during drying was found to be in a range from 6.87 × 10–12 to 1.89 × 10–10 m²·s–1 and the activation energy values were determined as 65.30 and 72.80 kJ∙mol–1 for buds which were dried in the laboratory cabinet dryer and those dried using the ambient and solar dryer methods, respectively.

Keywords: activation energy; modelling; solar; moisture diffusivity; heated air

Received: April 9, 2025; Accepted: September 30, 2025; Prepublished online: October 22, 2025 

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