Res. Agr. Eng., 2026, 72(2):95-108 | DOI: 10.17221/165/2025-RAE

The Auto Sprinkler Rover: An innovative fertiliser applicator for sustainable agricultureOriginal Paper

Wan Khaima Azira Wan mat khalir ORCID...1,2, Azimah Ismail ORCID...1,2, Nur Maizatul Akma Abdul Aziz2
1 East Coast Environmental Research Institute, Sultan Zainal Abidin University (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Design, Innovative and Technology, Sultan Zainal Abidin University (UniSZA), Gong Badak Campus, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia

Fertilisers are essential to agriculture since they provide crucial nutrients that stimulate crop growth, increase the yield and improve the yield quality. However, this practice requires the use of manual labour, which consumes energy and time as well as limits the effectiveness of fertilisation methods and is environmentally harmful. These factors have led to the development of an innovative product based on the Internet of Things (IoT) called the Auto Sprinkler Rover, which is a remote-controlled machine that operates automatically. It contains a 12 L water barrel that serves as a storage tank for a liquid fertiliser. This study designed a liquid sensor and light emitting diode to alert th–e user to the amount of liquid in the tank. The water pump facilitates the smooth spraying of liquid fertiliser from the pipe's nozzle. The Auto Sprinkler Rover differs from conventional methods because it integrates real-time monitoring via Wi-Fi, an automatic liquid level sensor as well as an automatic spraying system and an ergonomic design that is manually operated. The Auto Sprinkler Rover was designed to be a cutting-edge technology that benefits sustainable crop cultivation for households, communities and the global agriculture industry.

Keywords: conceptual design; ergonomic; Finite Element Analysis; IOT technology; SolidWorks software

Received: October 1, 2025; Accepted: January 14, 2026; Published: June 22, 2026  Show citation

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Wan mat khalir WKA, Ismail A, Abdul Aziz NMA. The Auto Sprinkler Rover: An innovative fertiliser applicator for sustainable agriculture. Research in Agricultural Engineering. 2026;72(2):95-108. doi: 10.17221/165/2025-RAE.
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